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In this first English-language study of popular and scientific responses to tuberculosis in nineteenth-century France, David Barnes provides a much-needed historical perspective on a disease that is making an alarming comeback in the United States and Europe. Barnes argues that French perceptions of the disease--ranging from the early romantic image of a consumptive woman to the later view of a scourge spread by the poor--owed more to the power structures of nineteenth-century society than to medical science. By 1900, the war against tuberculosis had become a war against the dirty habits of the working class. Lucid and original, Barnes's study broadens our understanding of how and why societies assign moral meanings to deadly diseases.

Tuberculosis --- Europe --- Mycobacterium Infections --- Humanities --- Sociology --- Public Health --- Population Characteristics --- History, Modern 1601 --- -Social Sciences --- Environment and Public Health --- Geographic Locations --- Health Care --- Actinomycetales Infections --- Anthropology, Education, Sociology and Social Phenomena --- Geographicals --- Gram-Positive Bacterial Infections --- Bacterial Infections --- Bacterial Infections and Mycoses --- Diseases --- Disease Outbreaks --- History --- Socioeconomic Factors --- France --- History, 19th Century --- Medicine --- Health & Biological Sciences --- Infectious Diseases --- 19th century --- Infections, Mycobacterium --- Infection, Mycobacterium --- Mycobacterium Infection --- Consumption (Disease) --- Lungs --- Phthisis --- Pulmonary tuberculosis --- TB (Disease) --- 19th Cent. History (Medicine) --- 19th Cent. History of Medicine --- 19th Cent. Medicine --- Historical Events, 19th Century --- History of Medicine, 19th Cent. --- History, Nineteenth Century --- Medical History, 19th Cent. --- Medicine, 19th Cent. --- 19th Century History --- 19th Cent. Histories (Medicine) --- 19th Century Histories --- Cent. Histories, 19th (Medicine) --- Cent. History, 19th (Medicine) --- Century Histories, 19th --- Century Histories, Nineteenth --- Century History, 19th --- Century History, Nineteenth --- Histories, 19th Cent. (Medicine) --- Histories, 19th Century --- Histories, Nineteenth Century --- History, 19th Cent. (Medicine) --- Nineteenth Century Histories --- Nineteenth Century History --- Factors, Socioeconomic --- High-Income Population --- Inequalities --- Land Tenure --- Standard of Living --- Factor, Socioeconomic --- High Income Population --- High-Income Populations --- Inequality --- Living Standard --- Living Standards --- Population, High-Income --- Populations, High-Income --- Socioeconomic Factor --- Tenure, Land --- Aspects, Historical --- Historical Aspects --- Aspect, Historical --- Historical Aspect --- Histories --- Koch's Disease --- Kochs Disease --- Disease, Koch's --- Disease, Kochs --- Koch Disease --- Tuberculoses --- Infectious Disease Outbreaks --- Outbreaks --- Disease Outbreak --- Disease Outbreak, Infectious --- Disease Outbreaks, Infectious --- Infectious Disease Outbreak --- Outbreak, Disease --- Outbreak, Infectious Disease --- Outbreaks, Disease --- Outbreaks, Infectious Disease --- Bacterial Infection --- Infection, Bacterial --- Infections, Bacterial --- Infections, Gram-Positive Bacterial --- Bacterial Infections, Gram-Positive --- Bacterial Infection, Gram-Positive --- Bacterial Infections, Gram Positive --- Gram Positive Bacterial Infections --- Gram-Positive Bacterial Infection --- Infection, Gram-Positive Bacterial --- Infections, Gram Positive Bacterial --- Infections, Actinomycetales --- Infections, Actinomycete --- Actinomycete Infections --- Actinomycetales Infection --- Actinomycete Infection --- Infection, Actinomycetales --- Infection, Actinomycete --- Community-Based Distribution --- Contraceptive Distribution --- Delivery of Healthcare --- Dental Care Delivery --- Distribution, Non-Clinical --- Distribution, Nonclinical --- Distributional Activities --- Healthcare --- Healthcare Delivery --- Healthcare Systems --- Non-Clinical Distribution --- Nonclinical Distribution --- Delivery of Dental Care --- Health Care Delivery --- Health Care Systems --- Activities, Distributional --- Activity, Distributional --- Care, Health --- Community Based Distribution --- Community-Based Distributions --- Contraceptive Distributions --- Deliveries, Healthcare --- Delivery, Dental Care --- Delivery, Health Care --- Delivery, Healthcare --- Distribution, Community-Based --- Distribution, Contraceptive --- Distribution, Non Clinical --- Distributional Activity --- Distributions, Community-Based --- Distributions, Contraceptive --- Distributions, Non-Clinical --- Distributions, Nonclinical --- Health Care System --- Healthcare Deliveries --- Healthcare System --- Non Clinical Distribution --- Non-Clinical Distributions --- Nonclinical Distributions --- System, Health Care --- System, Healthcare --- Systems, Health Care --- Systems, Healthcare --- Science, Social --- Sciences, Social --- Social Science --- History of Medicine, Modern --- Medicine, Modern --- Modern History (Medicine) --- Modern Medicine --- History, Modern --- Modern History --- 1601- History, Modern --- History, Modern (Medicine) --- Modern 1601- History --- Population Heterogeneity --- Population Statistics --- Characteristic, Population --- Characteristics, Population --- Heterogeneity, Population --- Population Characteristic --- Statistics, Population --- Environment, Preventive Medicine & Public Health --- Environment, Preventive Medicine and Public Health --- Health, Public --- General Social Development and Population --- Chest --- Mycobacterial diseases --- Mycobacterium tuberculosis --- Economics --- Mycobacterium tuberculosis Infection --- Infection, Mycobacterium tuberculosis --- Infections, Mycobacterium tuberculosis --- Mycobacterium tuberculosis Infections --- Antitubercular Agents --- Tuberculin Test --- Interferon-gamma Release Tests --- Space-Time Clustering --- Community Health --- Health, Community --- Preventive Medicine --- Education, Public Health Professional --- History&delete& --- Tuberculosis - France - History - 19th century. --- Electronic books. --- history --- Books in machine-readable form --- Digital books --- E-books --- Ebooks --- Online books --- Books --- Electronic publications --- Social Inequalities --- Social Inequality --- Inequalities, Social --- Inequality, Social --- Socioeconomic Factors. --- 19th century. --- Economic and Social Factors --- Social and Economic Factors --- Socioeconomic Characteristics --- Characteristic, Socioeconomic --- Socioeconomic Characteristic

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Human reproductive technology --- Feminist theory --- Humanism --- Parents --- Therapeutics --- Genetic Engineering --- Persons --- Health Care Economics and Organizations --- Embryonic Structures --- Ethics, Clinical --- Patient Rights --- Diseases --- Prenatal Injuries --- Germ Cells --- Sexual Behavior --- Estrenes --- Health Behavior --- Family Relations --- Investigative Techniques --- Economics --- Genital Diseases, Male --- Genital Diseases, Female --- Sociology --- Tissue Preservation --- Preservation, Biological --- Tissue Transplantation --- Patient Acceptance of Health Care --- Environmental Pollutants --- Maternal Behavior --- Technology, Industry, and Agriculture --- Delivery, Obstetric --- Psychology, Social --- Reproductive Physiological Phenomena --- Women --- Mental Disorders --- Socioeconomic Factors --- Reproductive Physiological Processes --- Reproductive Techniques, Assisted --- Social Problems --- Insemination --- Social Sciences --- Obstetric Surgical Procedures --- Chemicals and Drugs --- Family --- Behavior --- Technology, Industry, Agriculture --- Named Groups --- Histocytological Preparation Techniques --- Psychiatry and Psychology --- Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment --- Ethics, Professional --- Pregnancy Complications --- Surgical Procedures, Operative --- Health Care --- Transplantation --- Anatomy --- Toxic Actions --- Ethics --- Anthropology, Education, Sociology and Social Phenomena --- Male Urogenital Diseases --- Genitalia --- Genetic Techniques --- Attitude to Health --- Female Urogenital Diseases --- Population Characteristics --- Behavior and Behavior Mechanisms --- Nuclear Family --- Reproductive and Urinary Physiological Phenomena --- Specimen Handling --- Cells --- Estranes --- Philosophy --- Phenomena and Processes --- Steroids --- Laboratory Techniques and Procedures --- Chemical Actions and Uses --- Delivery of Health Care --- Female Urogenital Diseases and Pregnancy Complications --- Urogenital System --- Humanities --- Histological Techniques --- Cytological Techniques --- Polycyclic Compounds --- Diagnosis --- Health Care Quality, Access, and Evaluation --- Clinical Laboratory Techniques --- Cryopreservation --- Infertility --- Insemination, Artificial --- Spermatozoa --- Tissue Donors --- Fathers --- Poverty --- Sex Preselection --- Civil Rights --- Homosexuality --- Human Rights --- Social Control, Formal --- Oocyte Donation --- Treatment Refusal --- Ethics, Medical --- Feminism --- Government Regulation --- Prejudice --- Sexuality --- Abortion, Eugenic --- Fees and Charges --- Mifepristone --- Industry --- Reproductive Techniques --- Cesarean Section --- Fetal Tissue Transplantation --- Disabled Persons --- Maternal-Fetal Relations --- Parent-Child Relations --- Reproduction --- Jurisprudence --- Internationality --- Pharmaceutical Preparations --- Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects --- Embryo, Mammalian --- Pregnancy --- Surrogate Mothers --- Substance-Related Disorders --- Pregnant Women --- Women's Rights --- Abortion, Induced --- Adoption --- Fetus --- International Cooperation --- Hazardous Substances --- Contraception --- Minority Groups --- Medicine --- Health & Biological Sciences --- Gynecology & Obstetrics --- Group, Minority --- Groups, Minority --- Minority Group --- Minority Health --- Contraceptive Methods --- Female Contraception --- Fertility Control --- Inhibition of Fertilization --- Male Contraception --- Birth Control --- Contraception, Female --- Contraception, Male --- Contraceptions, Female --- Contraceptions, Male --- Contraceptive Method --- Female Contraceptions --- Fertilization Inhibition --- Male Contraceptions --- Family Planning Services --- Population Control --- Biohazards --- Chemicals, Hazardous --- Environmental Substances, Toxic --- Toxic Environmental Substances --- Biohazard --- Hazardous Chemical --- Hazardous Chemicals --- Hazardous Material --- Hazardous Materials --- Hazardous Substance --- Toxic Environmental Substance --- Toxic Substances, Environmental --- Chemical, Hazardous --- Environmental Substance, Toxic --- Environmental Toxic Substances --- Material, Hazardous --- Materials, Hazardous --- Substance, Hazardous --- Substance, Toxic Environmental --- Substances, Environmental Toxic --- Substances, Hazardous --- Substances, Toxic Environmental --- Treaties --- Foreign Aid --- Aid, Foreign --- Cooperation, International --- Treaty --- Fetal Tissue --- Fetuses --- Mummified Fetus --- Retained Fetus --- Fetal Structures --- Fetal Structure --- Fetal Tissues --- Fetus, Mummified --- Fetus, Retained --- Structure, Fetal --- Structures, Fetal --- Tissue, Fetal --- Tissues, Fetal --- Fetal Research --- Adoptions --- Child, Adopted --- Abortion (Induced) --- Abortion Failure --- Abortion History --- Abortion Rate --- Abortion Technics --- Abortion Techniques --- Abortion, Drug-Induced --- Abortion, Rivanol --- Abortion, Saline-Solution --- Abortion, Soap-Solution --- Anti-Abortion Groups --- Fertility Control, Postconception --- Induced Abortion --- Previous Abortion --- Embryotomy --- Abortion Failures --- Abortion Histories --- Abortion Rates --- Abortion Technic --- Abortion Technique --- Abortion, Drug Induced --- Abortion, Previous --- Abortion, Saline Solution --- Abortion, Soap Solution --- Abortions (Induced) --- Abortions, Drug-Induced --- Abortions, Induced --- Abortions, Previous --- Abortions, Rivanol --- Abortions, Saline-Solution --- Abortions, Soap-Solution --- Anti Abortion Groups --- Anti-Abortion Group --- Drug-Induced Abortion --- Drug-Induced Abortions --- Embryotomies --- Failure, Abortion --- Failures, Abortion --- Group, Anti-Abortion --- Groups, Anti-Abortion --- Histories, Abortion --- History, Abortion --- Induced Abortions --- Postconception Fertility Control --- Previous Abortions --- Rate, Abortion --- Rates, Abortion --- Rivanol Abortion --- Rivanol Abortions --- Saline-Solution Abortion --- Saline-Solution Abortions --- Soap-Solution Abortion --- Soap-Solution Abortions --- Technic, Abortion --- Technics, Abortion --- Technique, Abortion --- Techniques, Abortion --- Aborted Fetus --- Pregnant Woman --- Women, Pregnant --- Woman, Pregnant --- Prescription Drug Abuse --- Substance Addiction --- Chemical Dependence --- Drug Abuse --- Drug Addiction --- Drug Dependence --- Drug Habituation --- Drug Use Disorders --- Organic Mental Disorders, Substance-Induced --- Substance Abuse --- Substance Dependence --- Substance Use --- Substance Use Disorders --- Abuse, Drug --- Abuse, Prescription Drug --- Abuse, Substance --- Addiction, Drug --- Addiction, Substance --- Chemical Dependences --- Dependence, Chemical --- Dependence, Drug --- Dependence, Substance --- Dependences, Chemical --- Disorder, Drug Use --- Disorder, Substance Use --- Drug Abuse, Prescription --- Drug Use Disorder --- Habituation, Drug --- Organic Mental Disorders, Substance Induced --- Substance Abuses --- Substance Use Disorder --- Substance Uses --- Use, Substance --- Drug and Narcotic Control --- Disruptive, Impulse Control, and Conduct Disorders --- Psychoses, Alcoholic --- Illicit Drugs --- Designer Drugs --- Behavior, Addictive --- Codependency, Psychological --- Alcohol-Related Disorders --- Prescription Drug Misuse --- Host Mothers --- Gestational Carriers --- Gestational Mothers --- Mothers, Gestational --- Mothers, Surrogate --- Carrier, Gestational --- Carriers, Gestational --- Gestational Carrier --- Gestational Mother --- Host Mother --- Mother, Gestational --- Mother, Host --- Mother, Surrogate --- Mothers, Host --- Surrogate Mother --- Gestation --- Pregnancies --- Litter Size --- Mammalian Embryo --- Mammalian Embryo Structures --- Mammalian Embryonic Structures --- Embryonic Structures, Mammalian --- Embryo Structure, Mammalian --- Embryo Structures, Mammalian --- Embryonic Structure, Mammalian --- Embryos, Mammalian --- Mammalian Embryo Structure --- Mammalian Embryonic Structure --- Mammalian Embryos --- Structure, Mammalian Embryo --- Structure, Mammalian Embryonic --- Structures, Mammalian Embryo --- Structures, Mammalian Embryonic --- Embryo Research --- Late Effects, Prenatal Exposure --- Delayed Effects, Prenatal Exposure --- Maternal Exposure --- Pharmaceutic Preparations --- Pharmaceutical Products --- Pharmaceuticals --- Preparations, Pharmaceutical --- Drug --- Drugs --- Pharmaceutical --- Pharmaceutical Preparation --- Pharmaceutical Product --- Preparation, Pharmaceutical --- Preparations, Pharmaceutic --- Product, Pharmaceutical --- Products, Pharmaceutical --- Pharmacology --- Drug Dosage Calculations --- Globalization --- International Aspects --- International Perspectives --- International Relations --- Multinational Aspects --- Multinational Perspectives --- Aspect, International --- Aspect, Multinational --- Aspects, International --- Aspects, Multinational --- International Aspect --- International Perspective --- Multinational Aspect --- Multinational Perspective --- Perspective, International --- Perspective, Multinational --- Perspectives, International --- Perspectives, Multinational --- Relations, International --- International Law --- Constitutional Law --- Court Decision --- Law --- Legal Aspects --- Legal Obligations --- Legal Status --- State Interest --- Litigation --- Medical Jurisprudence --- Aspect, Legal --- Aspects, Legal --- Constitutional Laws --- Court Decisions --- Decision, Court --- Decisions, Court --- Interest, State --- Interests, State --- Jurisprudence, Medical --- Law, Constitutional --- Laws --- Laws, Constitutional --- Legal Aspect --- Legal Obligation --- Litigations --- Obligation, Legal --- Obligations, Legal --- State Interests --- Status, Legal --- Defamation --- Lawyers --- Human Reproductive Index --- Human Reproductive Indexes --- Reproductive Period --- Human Reproductive Indices --- Index, Human Reproductive --- Indexes, Human Reproductive --- Indices, Human Reproductive --- Period, Reproductive --- Periods, Reproductive --- Reproductive Index, Human --- Reproductive Indices, Human --- Reproductive Periods --- Parent Child Relationship --- Parent-Child Relationship --- Parent-Offspring Interaction --- Interaction, Parent-Offspring --- Parent Child Relations --- Parent Child Relationships --- Parent Offspring Interaction --- Parent-Child Relation --- Parent-Child Relationships --- Parent-Offspring Interactions --- Relation, Parent-Child --- Relationship, Parent Child --- Relationship, Parent-Child --- Mother-Fetus Relations --- Mother-Fetus Relationship --- Maternal Fetal Relations --- Mother Fetus Relations --- Mother Fetus Relationship --- Mother-Fetus Relationships --- Relations, Maternal-Fetal --- Relations, Mother-Fetus --- Relationship, Mother-Fetus --- Relationships, Mother-Fetus --- Maternal-Fetal Exchange --- Physically Disabled --- Handicapped --- People with Disabilities --- Persons with Disabilities --- Physically Challenged --- Physically Handicapped --- Disabilities, People with --- Disabilities, Persons with --- Disability, Persons with --- Disabled Person --- Disabled, Physically --- Handicapped, Physically --- People with Disability --- Person, Disabled --- Persons with Disability --- Persons, Disabled --- Rehabilitation Research --- Bedridden Persons --- Immobilization --- Sports for Persons with Disabilities --- Health Services for Persons with Disabilities --- Fetal Tissue Donation --- Grafting, Fetal Tissue --- Transplantation, Fetal Tissue --- Donation, Fetal Tissue --- Donations, Fetal Tissue --- Fetal Tissue Donations --- Fetal Tissue Grafting --- Fetal Tissue Graftings --- Fetal Tissue Transplantations --- Graftings, Fetal Tissue --- Tissue Donation, Fetal --- Tissue Donations, Fetal --- Tissue Grafting, Fetal --- Tissue Graftings, Fetal --- Tissue Transplantation, Fetal --- Tissue Transplantations, Fetal --- Transplantations, Fetal Tissue --- Egoism --- Ethical Issues --- Metaethics --- Moral Policy --- Natural Law --- Situational Ethics --- Ethical Issue --- Ethics, Situational --- Issue, Ethical --- Issues, Ethical --- Law, Natural --- Laws, Natural --- Moral Policies --- Natural Laws --- Policies, Moral --- Policy, Moral --- Censorship, Research --- Environmental Pollutants, Noxae, and Pesticides --- Toxic Action --- Action, Toxic --- Actions, Toxic --- Anatomies --- Transplantations --- Transplantation Immunology --- Transplantation Conditioning --- Community-Based Distribution --- Contraceptive Distribution --- Delivery of Healthcare --- Dental Care Delivery --- Distribution, Non-Clinical --- Distribution, Nonclinical --- Distributional Activities --- Healthcare --- Healthcare Delivery --- Healthcare Systems --- Non-Clinical Distribution --- Nonclinical Distribution --- Delivery of Dental Care --- Health Care Delivery --- Health Care Systems --- Activities, Distributional --- Activity, Distributional --- Care, Health --- Community Based Distribution --- Community-Based Distributions --- Contraceptive Distributions --- Deliveries, Healthcare --- Delivery, Dental Care --- Delivery, Health Care --- Delivery, Healthcare --- Distribution, Community-Based --- Distribution, Contraceptive --- Distribution, Non Clinical --- Distributional Activity --- Distributions, Community-Based --- Distributions, Contraceptive --- Distributions, Non-Clinical --- Distributions, Nonclinical --- Health Care System --- Healthcare Deliveries --- Healthcare System --- Non Clinical Distribution --- Non-Clinical Distributions --- Nonclinical Distributions --- System, Health Care --- System, Healthcare --- Systems, Health Care --- Systems, Healthcare --- Ghost Surgery --- Operative Procedures --- Operative Surgical Procedure --- Operative Surgical Procedures --- Procedure, Operative Surgical --- Procedures, Operative Surgical --- Surgery, Ghost --- Surgical Procedure, Operative --- Surgical Procedures --- Operative Procedure --- Procedure, Operative --- Procedure, Surgical --- Procedures, Operative --- Procedures, Surgical --- Surgical Procedure --- General Surgery --- Complications, Pregnancy --- Complication, Pregnancy --- Pregnancy Complication --- Obstetrics --- Perinatology --- Pregnancy, High-Risk --- Professional Ethics --- Ethic, Professional --- Professional Ethic --- Professional Misconduct --- C-Section (OB) --- Caesarean Section --- Postcesarean Section --- Abdominal Delivery --- Delivery, Abdominal --- Abdominal Deliveries --- C Section (OB) --- C-Sections (OB) --- Caesarean Sections --- Cesarean Sections --- Deliveries, Abdominal --- Trial of Labor --- Reproduction Technics --- Reproduction Techniques --- Reproductive Technologies --- Technology, Reproductive --- Reproductive Technology --- Reproduction Technic --- Reproduction Technique --- Reproductive Technique --- Technic, Reproduction --- Technics, Reproduction --- Technique, Reproduction --- Technique, Reproductive --- Techniques, Reproduction --- Techniques, Reproductive --- Technologies, Reproductive --- Selective Breeding --- Reproductive Medicine --- Reproductive Health Services --- Tertiary Sector --- Industries --- Sector, Tertiary --- Sectors, Tertiary --- Tertiary Sectors --- Commerce --- Ethics, Business --- Mifegyne --- Mifeprex --- Mifégyne --- R-38486 --- R38486 --- RU-38486 --- RU-486 --- ZK-98296 --- ZK98296 --- R 38486 --- RU 38486 --- RU 486 --- RU38486 --- RU486 --- ZK 98296 --- Charges and Fees --- Fees --- Charges --- Charge --- Fee --- Fee Schedules --- Abortion, Selective --- Selective Abortion --- Eugenic Abortion --- Abortions, Eugenic --- Abortions, Selective --- Eugenic Abortions --- Selective Abortions --- Cytohistologic Preparation Technics --- Cytohistologic Preparation Technique --- Cytohistologic Preparation Techniques --- Cytohistological Preparation Technic --- Cytohistological Preparation Technics --- Cytohistological Preparation Technique --- Histocytologic Preparation Technic --- Histocytologic Preparation Technics --- Histocytologic Preparation Technique --- Histocytologic Preparation Techniques --- Histocytological Preparation Technic --- Histocytological Preparation Technics --- Histocytological Preparation Technique --- Preparation Technic, Cytohistologic --- Preparation Technic, Cytohistological --- Preparation Technic, Histocytologic --- Preparation Technic, Histocytological --- Preparation Technics, Cytohistologic --- Preparation Technics, Cytohistological --- Preparation Technics, Histocytologic --- Preparation Technics, Histocytological --- Preparation Technique, Cytohistologic --- Preparation Technique, Cytohistological --- Preparation Technique, Histocytologic --- Preparation Technique, Histocytological --- Preparation Techniques, Cytohistologic --- Preparation Techniques, Cytohistological --- Preparation Techniques, Histocytologic --- Preparation Techniques, Histocytological --- Technic, Cytohistologic Preparation --- Technic, Cytohistological Preparation --- Technic, Histocytologic Preparation --- Technic, Histocytological Preparation --- Technics, Cytohistologic Preparation --- Technics, Cytohistological Preparation --- Technics, Histocytologic Preparation --- Technics, Histocytological Preparation --- Technique, Cytohistologic Preparation --- Technique, Cytohistological Preparation --- Technique, Histocytologic Preparation --- Technique, Histocytological Preparation --- Techniques, Cytohistologic Preparation --- Techniques, Cytohistological Preparation --- Techniques, Histocytologic Preparation --- Techniques, Histocytological Preparation --- Cytohistological Preparation Techniques --- Cytohistologic Preparation Technic --- Analytic Sample Preparation Methods --- Anti-Semitism --- Implicit Bias --- Islamophobia --- Anti Semitism --- Anti-Semitisms --- Bia, Implicit --- Bias, Implicit --- Islamophobias --- Prejudices --- Government Regulation and Oversight --- Government Regulations --- Regulation, Government --- Regulations, Government --- Feminist Ethics --- Ethics, Feminist --- Medical Ethics --- Professionalism --- Bioethics --- Anesthesia Refusal --- Patient Elopement --- Patient Refusal of Treatment --- Refusal of Treatment --- Anesthesia Refusals --- Elopement, Patient --- Elopements, Patient --- Patient Elopements --- Refusal, Anesthesia --- Refusal, Treatment --- Refusals, Anesthesia --- Refusals, Treatment --- Treatment Refusals --- Informed Consent --- Patient Compliance --- Mental Competency --- Proxy --- Third-Party Consent --- Refusal to Participate --- Medication Adherence --- Ovum Donation --- Donation, Oocyte --- Donation, Ovum --- Donations, Oocyte --- Donations, Ovum --- Oocyte Donations --- Ovum Donations --- Directed Tissue Donation --- Regulation --- Social Control --- Control, Social --- Controls, Social --- Formal Social Control --- Formal Social Controls --- Regulations --- Social Controls --- Public Policy --- Collective Human Rights --- Equal Rights --- Linguistic Rights --- Right to Housing and Shelter --- Rights of Indigenous Peoples --- Human Rights, Collective --- Indigenous Peoples Rights --- Rights, Collective Human --- Rights, Equal --- Rights, Linguistic --- Social Justice --- Human Rights Abuses --- Homosexuality, Ego-Dystonic --- Ego-Dystonic Homosexuality --- Homosexuality, Ego Dystonic --- Sexual and Gender Minorities --- Equal Protection --- Legal Rights --- Voting Rights --- Due Process --- Minority Rights --- Civil Right --- Legal Right --- Minority Right --- Protection, Equal --- Right, Civil --- Right, Legal --- Right, Minority --- Right, Voting --- Rights, Civil --- Rights, Legal --- Rights, Minority --- Rights, Voting --- Voting Right --- Race Relations --- Acceptance Process --- Acceptance Processes --- Behaviors --- Process, Acceptance --- Processes, Acceptance --- Extended Family --- Family Life Cycle --- Family Research --- Filiation --- Kinship Networks --- Relatives --- Family Life Cycles --- Family Members --- Family, Reconstituted --- Stepfamily --- Extended Families --- Families --- Families, Extended --- Families, Reconstituted --- Family Member --- Family, Extended --- Kinship Network --- Life Cycle, Family --- Life Cycles, Family --- Network, Kinship --- Networks, Kinship --- Reconstituted Families --- Reconstituted Family --- Research, Family --- Stepfamilies --- Grandparents --- Obstetric Surgical Procedure --- Obstetrical Surgery --- Obstetrical Surgical Procedures --- Procedure, Obstetric Surgical --- Procedures, Obstetric Surgical --- Surgery, Obstetric --- Surgical Procedure, Obstetric --- Surgical Procedures, Obstetric --- Obstetric Surgeries --- Obstetric Surgery --- Obstetrical Surgeries --- Obstetrical Surgical Procedure --- Procedure, Obstetrical Surgical --- Procedures, Obstetrical Surgical --- Surgeries, Obstetric --- Surgeries, Obstetrical --- Surgery, Obstetrical --- Surgical Procedure, Obstetrical --- Surgical Procedures, Obstetrical --- Science, Social --- Sciences, Social --- Social Science --- Inseminations --- Labor Exploitation --- Social Exploitation --- Exploitation, Labor --- Exploitation, Social --- Exploitations, Labor --- Problem, Social --- Problems, Social --- Social Problem --- Assisted Reproductive Technics --- Assisted Reproductive Techniques --- Reproductive Technology, Assisted --- Assisted Reproductive Technic --- Assisted Reproductive Technique --- Assisted Reproductive Technologies --- Assisted Reproductive Technology --- Reproductive Technic, Assisted --- Reproductive Technics, Assisted --- Reproductive Technique, Assisted --- Reproductive Technologies, Assisted --- Technic, Assisted Reproductive --- Technics, Assisted Reproductive --- Technique, Assisted Reproductive --- Techniques, Assisted Reproductive --- Technologies, Assisted Reproductive --- Technology, Assisted Reproductive --- Reproductive Physiologic Concepts --- Reproductive Physiological Phenomenon --- Reproductive Physiological Process --- Reproductive Physiological Concepts --- Concept, Reproductive Physiologic --- Concept, Reproductive Physiological --- Concepts, Reproductive Physiologic --- Concepts, Reproductive Physiological --- Phenomena, Reproductive Physiological --- Phenomenon, Reproductive Physiological --- Physiologic Concept, Reproductive --- Physiologic Concepts, Reproductive --- Physiological Concept, Reproductive --- Physiological Process, Reproductive --- Physiological Processes, Reproductive --- Process, Reproductive Physiological --- Processes, Reproductive Physiological --- Reproductive Physiologic Concept --- Reproductive Physiological Concept --- Sex Predetermination --- Sex Selection --- Predetermination, Sex --- Preselection, Sex --- Selection, Sex --- Sex Determination Processes --- Absolute Poverty --- Extreme Poverty --- Indigents --- Low Income Population --- Indigency --- Low-Income Population --- Indigent --- Low Income Populations --- Low-Income Populations --- Population, Low Income --- Population, Low-Income --- Populations, Low Income --- Populations, Low-Income --- Poverty, Absolute --- Poverty, Extreme --- Working Poor --- Father --- Donors --- Ovum Donors --- Semen Donors --- Transplant Donors --- Organ Donors --- Donor --- Donor, Organ --- Donor, Ovum --- Donor, Semen --- Donor, Tissue --- Donor, Transplant --- Donors, Organ --- Donors, Ovum --- Donors, Semen --- Donors, Tissue --- Donors, Transplant --- Organ Donor --- Ovum Donor --- Semen Donor --- Tissue Donor --- Transplant Donor --- Tissue and Organ Procurement --- Transplant Donor Site --- Spermatozoon --- X-Bearing Sperm --- X-Chromosome-Bearing Sperm --- Y-Bearing Sperm --- Y-Chromosome-Bearing Sperm --- Sperm --- Sperm, X-Bearing --- Sperm, X-Chromosome-Bearing --- Sperm, Y-Bearing --- Sperm, Y-Chromosome-Bearing --- Sperms, X-Bearing --- Sperms, X-Chromosome-Bearing --- Sperms, Y-Bearing --- Sperms, Y-Chromosome-Bearing --- X Bearing Sperm --- X Chromosome Bearing Sperm --- X-Bearing Sperms --- X-Chromosome-Bearing Sperms --- Y Bearing Sperm --- Y Chromosome Bearing Sperm --- Y-Bearing Sperms --- Y-Chromosome-Bearing Sperms --- Semen --- Eutelegenesis --- Artificial Insemination --- Artificial Inseminations --- Eutelegeneses --- Inseminations, Artificial --- Reproductive Sterility --- Sterility, Reproductive --- Sub-Fertility --- Subfertility --- Sterility --- Fertility --- Cryonic Suspension --- Cryofixation --- Cryonic Suspensions --- Suspension, Cryonic --- Suspensions, Cryonic --- Cold Temperature --- Freezing --- Vitrification --- Clinical Laboratory Diagnoses --- Clinical Laboratory Testings --- Clinical Laboratory Tests --- Diagnoses and Laboratory Examinations --- Diagnosis, Laboratory --- Laboratory Diagnosis --- Laboratory Examinations and Diagnoses --- Laboratory Techniques, Clinical --- Clinical Laboratory Technique --- Clinical Laboratory Test --- Clinical Laboratory Testing --- Diagnose, Clinical Laboratory --- Laboratory Diagnoses --- Laboratory Technique, Clinical --- Laboratory Test, Clinical --- Laboratory Testing, Clinical --- Technique, Clinical Laboratory --- Test, Clinical Laboratory --- Testing, Clinical Laboratory --- Laboratories --- Medical Laboratory Science --- Clinical Laboratory Services --- Healthcare Quality, Access, and Evaluation --- Antemortem Diagnosis --- Diagnoses and Examinations --- Examinations and Diagnoses --- Postmortem Diagnosis --- Diagnose --- Antemortem Diagnoses --- Diagnoses --- Diagnoses, Antemortem --- Diagnoses, Postmortem --- Diagnosis, Antemortem --- Diagnosis, Postmortem --- Postmortem Diagnoses --- Disease --- Factors, Socioeconomic --- High-Income Population --- Land Tenure --- Standard of Living --- Social Inequalities --- Social Inequality --- Factor, Socioeconomic --- High Income Population --- High-Income Populations --- Inequalities, Social --- Inequality, Social --- Living Standard --- Living Standards --- Population, High-Income --- Populations, High-Income --- Socioeconomic Factor --- Tenure, Land --- Behavior Disorders --- Diagnosis, Psychiatric --- Mental Disorders, Severe --- Psychiatric Diagnosis --- Mental Illness --- Psychiatric Diseases --- Psychiatric Disorders --- Psychiatric Illness --- Illness, Mental --- Mental Disorder --- Mental Disorder, Severe --- Mental Illnesses --- Psychiatric Disease --- Psychiatric Disorder --- Psychiatric Illnesses --- Severe Mental Disorder --- Severe Mental Disorders --- Mentally Ill Persons --- Girls --- Woman --- Women's Groups --- Girl --- Women Groups --- Women's Group --- Psychology, Perceptual --- Social Psychology --- Perceptual Psychology --- Obstetric Delivery --- Deliveries, Obstetric --- Obstetric Deliveries --- Labor Presentation --- Maternal Care Patterns --- Maternal Patterns of Care --- Behavior, Maternal --- Behaviors, Maternal --- Care Pattern, Maternal --- Care Patterns, Maternal --- Maternal Behaviors --- Maternal Care Pattern --- Pattern, Maternal Care --- Patterns, Maternal Care --- Mothers --- Pollutants --- Pollutants, Environmental --- Environmental Pollutant --- Pollutant --- Pollutant, Environmental --- Radiation Exposure --- Environmental Exposure --- Environmental Pollution --- Compounds, Polycyclic --- Hydrocarbons, Cyclic --- Cytologic Technics --- Cytological Technic --- Cytological Technics --- Cytological Technique --- Technic, Cytological --- Technics, Cytological --- Technique, Cytological --- Techniques, Cytological --- Cytologic Technic --- Technic, Cytologic --- Technics, Cytologic --- Cell Biology --- Histologic Technic --- Histologic Technics --- Histologic Technique --- Histologic Techniques --- Histological Technics --- Technic, Histologic --- Technics, Histologic --- Technique, Histologic --- Techniques, Histologic --- Histological Technic --- Histological Technique --- Technic, Histological --- Technics, Histological --- Technique, Histological --- Techniques, Histological --- Histology --- Acceptability of Healthcare --- Acceptors of Health Care --- Health Care Utilization --- Nonacceptors of Health Care --- Patient Acceptance of Healthcare --- Acceptability of Health Care --- Health Care Seeking Behavior --- Care Acceptor, Health --- Care Acceptors, Health --- Care Nonacceptor, Health --- Care Nonacceptors, Health --- Health Care Acceptability --- Health Care Acceptor --- Health Care Acceptors --- Health Care Nonacceptor --- Health Care Nonacceptors --- Healthcare Acceptabilities --- Healthcare Acceptability --- Healthcare Patient Acceptance --- Healthcare Patient Acceptances --- Utilization, Health Care --- Patient Satisfaction --- Grafting, Tissue --- Transplantation, Tissue --- Tissue Grafting --- Tissues --- Biological Preservation --- Preservation, Biologic --- Biologic Preservation --- Preservation, Tissue --- Preservations, Tissue --- Tissue Preservations --- Tissue and Organ Harvesting --- Genitourinary System --- Genitourinary Systems --- System, Genitourinary --- System, Urogenital --- Systems, Genitourinary --- Systems, Urogenital --- Urogenital Systems --- Catatoxic Steroids --- Steroid --- Steroids, Catatoxic --- General Social Development and Population --- Female Genital Diseases --- Gynecologic Diseases --- Diseases, Female Genital --- Diseases, Gynecologic --- Female Genital Disease --- Genital Disease, Female --- Gynecologic Disease --- Gynecology --- Male Genital Diseases --- Disease, Male Genital --- Diseases, Male Genital --- Genital Disease, Male --- Male Genital Disease --- Capital --- Conditions, Economic --- Consumption --- Cost of Living --- Easterlin Hypothesis --- Economic Conditions --- Economic Policies --- Economic Policy --- Economics, Home --- Home Economics --- Household Consumption --- Macroeconomic Factors --- Microeconomic Factors --- Policies, Economic --- Policy, Economic --- Production --- Remittances --- Utility Theory --- Consumer Price Index --- Condition, Economic --- Consumer Price Indices --- Consumption, Household --- Economic Condition --- Factor, Macroeconomic --- Factor, Microeconomic --- Factors, Macroeconomic --- Factors, Microeconomic --- Household Consumptions --- Hypothesis, Easterlin --- Index, Consumer Price --- Indices, Consumer Price --- Living Cost --- Living Costs --- Remittance --- Theories, Utility --- Theory, Utility --- Utility Theories --- Pharmacy Philosophy --- Philosophical Overview --- Hedonism --- Stoicism --- Overview, Philosophical --- Overviews, Philosophical --- Pharmacy Philosophies --- Philosophical Overviews --- Philosophies --- Philosophies, Pharmacy --- Philosophy, Pharmacy --- 19-Norandrostanes --- 19 Norandrostanes --- Cell --- Investigative Technics --- Investigative Technic --- Investigative Technique --- Technic, Investigative --- Technics, Investigative --- Technique, Investigative --- Techniques, Investigative --- Family Dynamics --- Family Relationships --- Family Relationship --- Dynamic, Family --- Dynamics, Family --- Family Dynamic --- Family Relation --- Relation, Family --- Relations, Family --- Relationship, Family --- Relationships, Family --- Health-Related Behavior --- Behavior, Health --- Behavior, Health-Related --- Behaviors, Health --- Behaviors, Health-Related --- Health Behaviors --- Health Related Behavior --- Health-Related Behaviors --- Healthy Lifestyle --- Health Promotion --- Life Style --- 19-Norandrostenes --- 19 Norandrostenes --- Premarital Sex Behavior --- Sex Behavior --- Sex Orientation --- Sexual Activities --- Anal Sex --- Oral Sex --- Sexual Activity --- Sexual Orientation --- Activities, Sexual --- Activity, Sexual --- Behavior, Premarital Sex --- Behavior, Sex --- Behavior, Sexual --- Orientation, Sexual --- Sex, Anal --- Sex, Oral --- Sex --- Reproductive Behavior --- Germ Line --- Gamete --- Gametes --- Germ-Line Cells --- Cell, Germ --- Cell, Germ-Line --- Cells, Germ --- Cells, Germ-Line --- Germ Cell --- Germ Line Cells --- Germ Lines --- Germ-Line Cell --- Injuries, Prenatal --- Injury, Prenatal --- Prenatal Injury --- Patient's Rights --- Patients' Rights --- Right to Treatment --- Patient Right --- Patient's Right --- Patients Rights --- Patients' Right --- Right to Treatments --- Right, Patient --- Right, Patient's --- Right, Patients' --- Rights, Patient --- Rights, Patient's --- Rights, Patients' --- Treatment, Right to --- Treatments, Right to --- Patient Advocacy --- Truth Disclosure --- Bioethical Issues --- Specimen Collection --- Collection, Specimen --- Collections, Specimen --- Handling, Specimen --- Handlings, Specimen --- Specimen Collections --- Specimen Handlings --- Physiology, Reproductive and Urinary --- Reproductive and Urinary Physiological Phenomenon --- Reproductive and Urinary Physiology Concepts --- Reproductive and Urinary Physiology Phenomenon --- Reproductive and Urinary Tract Physiological Concepts --- Reproductive and Urinary Tract Physiological Phenomena --- Reproductive and Urinary Tract Physiological Phenomenon --- Reproductive and Urinary Tract Physiology --- Reproductive and Urinary Physiology --- Reproductive and Urinary Physiology Phenomena --- Clinical Ethics --- Clinical Medicine --- Ethicists --- Ethics Committees, Clinical --- Ethics Consultation --- Embryos --- Embryo --- Prenatal Structures --- Embryonic Structure --- Prenatal Structure --- Structure, Embryonic --- Structure, Prenatal --- Structures, Embryonic --- Structures, Prenatal --- Healthcare Economics and Organizations --- Health Care Economics --- Health Economics --- Healthcare Economics --- Care Economic, Health --- Economic, Health --- Economic, Health Care --- Economic, Healthcare --- Economics, Health Care --- Health Care Economic --- Health Economic --- Healthcare Economic --- Daughters --- Sons --- Daughter --- Families, Nuclear --- Family, Nuclear --- Nuclear Families --- Son --- Person --- Engineering, Genetic --- Intervention, Genetic --- Genetic Intervention --- Genetic Interventions --- Interventions, Genetic --- Biotechnology --- Cloning, Molecular --- DNA, Recombinant --- Industrial Microbiology --- Artificial Gene Fusion --- Organisms, Genetically Modified --- Animals, Genetically Modified --- Plants, Genetically Modified --- Therapy --- Treatment --- Therapeutic --- Therapies --- Treatments --- Parental Age --- Parenthood Status --- Stepparent --- Step-Parents --- Age, Parental --- Ages, Parental --- Parent --- Parental Ages --- Status, Parenthood --- Step Parents --- Step-Parent --- Stepparents --- Parental Consent --- Parental Notification --- Feminist philosophy --- Feminist sociology --- Theory of feminism --- Assisted conception --- Assisted human reproduction --- Assisted human reproductive technology --- Conception --- Human assisted reproduction --- Human assisted reproductive technology --- Human reproduction --- Medical technology --- Reproductive technology --- Behavior And Behavior Mechanism --- Population Heterogeneity --- Population Statistics --- Characteristic, Population --- Characteristics, Population --- Heterogeneity, Population --- Population Characteristic --- Statistics, Population --- Female Genitourinary Diseases --- Female Genitourinary Disease --- Female Urogenital Disease --- Genitourinary Disease, Female --- Genitourinary Diseases, Female --- Urogenital Disease, Female --- Urogenital Diseases, Female --- Health Attitude --- Attitude, Health --- Attitudes, Health --- Health Attitudes --- Health, Attitude to --- Public Opinion --- Genetic Technic --- Genetic Technics --- Genetic Technique --- Technic, Genetic --- Technics, Genetic --- Technique, Genetic --- Techniques, Genetic --- Genetics --- Genetic Counseling --- Genetic Phenomena --- Genital System --- Genitals --- Reproductive Organs --- Reproductive System --- Accessory Sex Organs --- Genital Organs --- Sex Organs, Accessory --- Accessory Sex Organ --- Genital --- Genital Organ --- Genital Systems --- Organ, Accessory Sex --- Organ, Genital --- Organ, Reproductive --- Organs, Accessory Sex --- Organs, Genital --- Organs, Reproductive --- Reproductive Organ --- Reproductive Systems --- Sex Organ, Accessory --- System, Genital --- System, Reproductive --- Systems, Genital --- Systems, Reproductive --- Male Genitourinary Diseases --- Genitourinary Disease, Male --- Genitourinary Diseases, Male --- Male Genitourinary Disease --- Male Urogenital Disease --- Urogenital Disease, Male --- Urogenital Diseases, Male --- Woman's Rights --- Women's Status --- Women's Liberation --- Liberation, Women's --- Right, Woman's --- Right, Women's --- Rights, Woman's --- Rights, Women's --- Status, Women's --- Woman Rights --- Woman's Right --- Women Status --- Women's Right --- Moral and ethical aspects --- Social aspects --- Government policy --- transplantation --- complications --- ethics --- diagnosis --- methods --- injuries --- therapy --- Technological innovations --- Reproductive Techniques. --- Abortion, Induced. --- Ethics, Medical. --- Women's Rights.